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CHAPTER VIII: The punishments of Hell and call to conversion

The pain of loss (poena damni) means not being able to see God ("darkness"), a deprivation that corresponds to the lack of sanctifying grace in the moment of death. It 's the result of aversion to God
Sin, according to Augustine, consists of two elements: the aversion to God and the conversion to a created good (Aversio a Deo / conversion to creaturam). To convert the created good is a positive penalty:
the pain of sense (poena sensus), that is the pain that causes a painful influence from outside. Corresponds to personal sin (1). "Sense" is also about sensitive life after the resurrection.
implies "fire." There are two extremes in the valuation of the "fire" only as a metaphor for more pictures (Origen) or a reality that we know (eg. Bautz, 100 years ago, volcanoes as a concrete sign that hell is inside earth (2)). We must instead apply a similar understanding: a comparison to being tied to the body (Augustine, Thomas). Indicates a suffering that punishes.

Referral for pastoral situation
not shut the hell is an "urgent call to conversion" (CCC, n. 1036). The reference to hell is an important way to avoid damnation.
But we must not isolate the doctrine: the primary theme of the preaching is the love of God which also means that God respects the free will of man. God is not predestined anyone to go to hell, as clearly expressed the Council of Trent against Calvin (DH 1567, cf. Already the Council of Orange, 529: DH 397). God tries to save everyone. Damnation is the consequence of voluntary aversion (a mortal sin), which persists to the end (CCC, No 1037).
An editorial in the journal Catholic Civilization, "concluded his speech with a reference to hell balanced:
Today" in preaching and catechesis do not talk about hell with almost no damage to the Christian people, that in this way is not longer faced with the tremendous possibility of losses (3) and is not put before the urgent need to make a decision for Jesus Christ and to live in conformity with the Gospel, to resist sin and evil, which threatens the eternal destiny. The Christian message is a message of hope, joy and confidence in the infinite love of God and of Christ the Savior, but we must not forget that man is weak and sinful, and always needs to be called to conversion, 'Repent and believe the Gospel' (Mark 1:15). It was this, the first word of Jesus, but it was also the most decisive, and the Church must not tire of repeating it to divert people from the danger of eternal damnation "(4).

1) See p. es. STh I-II q. 87 a. 4.
2) See Bautz, J., Die Hölle, 21905 Mainz, 33-40, quoted in VORGRIMLER, op. cit., 295.
3) NB: Editorial does not mean just an abstract possibility: "It makes no sense ... say that there is a real possibility of damnation, but in practice no one is damned "(p. 112).
4) EDITORIAL, p. 119.